Are electrochemical supercapacitors effective in Microsystems?

Electrochemical supercapacitors stand out with their superior capacitance density, surpassing traditional electrolytic capacitors by at least two orders of magnitude. However, the intrinsic slow ion dynamics of electrical double layer effects greatly limit supercapacitors characteristic frequency, constraining their applicability in microsystems.

Why do microelectronics need supercapacitors?

The prosperity of microelectronics has intensified the requirement for miniaturized power systems using capacitors with high capacity and broad frequency ranges. Electrochemical supercapacitors stand out with their superior capacitance density, surpassing traditional electrolytic capacitors by at least two orders of magnitude.

What are electrochemical supercapacitors?

Electrochemical supercapacitors (SCs), which are based on the electric double layer (EDL) effect, have emerged as a promising alternative, offering significantly higher capacitance densities and the capability for on-chip fabrication 7, 8, 9.

Which electrolyte enables ultrafast supercapacitors for alternating current line filtering?

Park, J., Lee, J. & Kim, W. Water-in-salt electrolyte enables ultrafast supercapacitors for AC line filtering. ACS Energy Lett. 6, 769–777 (2021). Zhao, D. et al. Charge transfer salt and graphene heterostructure-based micro-supercapacitors with alternating current line-filtering performance. Small 15, 1901494 (2019).

Which capacitor has the lowest characteristic frequency?

The lowest characteristic frequency in this series-configuration batch is still over 10 5 Hz (Supplementary Fig. 5), which is about 3 times larger than the ceramic and film capacitor, 9 times larger than the tantalum capacitor (Supplementary Fig. 6c), and even about 26 times larger than the commercial electrolytic capacitors (AEC 47μF).

How to model an EDL supercapacitor?

To model an EDL supercapacitor, a CPE and an ideal resistor (equivalent series resistor, ESR) are connected in series. Electrolytic capacitors, on the other hand, can be represented by an ideal capacitor C due to their negligible equivalent series resistance and superior frequency response.