Can solar power diversify the energy mix in Costa Rica?

While hydroelectric power dominates the energy mix at approximately 80% of electricity production, solar energy, though currently a smaller contributor, holds significant potential to diversify and stabilize the grid. This paper investigates Costa Rica’s renewable energy journey, emphasizing solar power’s evolving role.

Can solar power improve Costa Rica's energy security?

Solar energy, though currently a minor player, offers untapped potential to enhance Costa Rica’s energy security. The country’s tropical climate ensures consistent sunlight, making solar PV systems ideal for both utility-scale and distributed generation.

Can a company sell solar panels in Costa Rica?

Most companies selling solar systems are assembled Asian solar panels with some U.S. made components. In 2016, the Costa Rican government approved a new regulation which allows individuals and companies to produce solar energy (up to 15 percent of the users per district) and sell up to 49 percent of their excess production back to the grid.

Is Costa Rica a leader in solar energy in Central America?

Research by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA, 2020) identifies Costa Rica as a potential leader in solar energy within Central America, given its high solar potential averaging 4.5-5.5 kWh/m²/day, yet notes that policy incentives lag behind those for other renewables.

Is solar energy a viable alternative to Hydro-heavy grids in Costa Rica?

Solar energy, while underexplored in Costa Rica compared to hydro and geothermal, has gained attention in recent literature. Smith and Paladino (2021) argue that solar photovoltaic (PV) systems offer a decentralized solution to complement hydro-heavy grids, reducing vulnerability to seasonal fluctuations.

How much solar energy will Costa Rica have in 2030?

Based on the projections made by the Costa Rican Ministry of Environment and Energy (MINAE), the participation of solar energy in Costa Rica for 2030 will reach 1.3 percent, while the hydroelectric market will increase to 80 percent.